Inflation

02.04.2024: Cristina Manea – Monetary tightening, inflation drivers and financial stress

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Presenter: Cristina Manea. Affiliation: Bank for International Settlements, Monetary and Economic Department. Paper: Monetary Tightening, Inflation Drivers and Financial Stress. Date: April 02, 2024. Time: 12:00 GMT (15:00 Israel Time) Abstract: The paper explores the state–dependent effects of a monetary tightening on financial stress, focusing on a novel dimension: the nature of supply versus demand … Read more

06.02.2024: Maddie Penn – Do geopolitical risks raise or lower inflation?

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Presenter: Maddie Penn. Affiliation: Yale University, Department of Economics. Paper: Do Geopolitical Risks Raise or Lower Inflation? Date: February 06, 2024. Time: 13:00 GMT (15:00 Israel Time) Abstract: Using historical annual data since 1900 for 44 countries, we find that geopolitical risks foreshadow high inflation and are accompanied by lower economic activity, an increase in … Read more

23.01.2024: Oliver Pfäuti – The inflation attention threshold and inflation surges

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Presenter: Oliver Pfäuti. Affiliation: University of Texas at Austin, Department of Economics. Paper: The Inflation Attention Threshold and Inflation Surges. Date: January 23, 2024. Time: 13:00 GMT (15:00 Israel Time) Abstract: At the outbreak of the recent inflation surge, the public’s attention to inflation was low but increased rapidly once inflation started to rise. Using … Read more

13.12.2022: Itamar Drechsler – Credit crunches and the great stagflation

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Presenter: Itamar Drechsler Affiliation: University of Pennsylvania, Wharton School Paper: Credit Crunches and the Great Stagflation Date: December 13, 2022 Time: 13:00 GMT (15:00 Israel Time) Abstract: We show that severe credit crunches contributed to the four successive stagflationary cycles that characterize the Great Stagflation of 1965–1982. The crunches were the result of large outflows … Read more

20.09.2022: Veronica Guerrieri – Monetary policy in times of structural reallocation

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Presenter: Veronica Guerrieri Affiliation: University of Chicago, Booth School of Business. Paper: Monetary Policy in Times of Structural Reallocation Date: September 20, 2022 Time: 12:00 GMT (15:00 Israel Time) Abstract: We characterize optimal monetary policy in response to asymmetric shocks that shift demand from one sector to another, a condition arguably faced by many economies … Read more

11.01.2022: Ricardo Reis – How likely is an inflation disaster?

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Presenter: Ricardo Reis Affiliation: London School of Economics and Political Science Paper: TBA. Date: January 11, 2022 Time: 13:00 GMT Abstract: The prices of inflation options hold the promise of giving the probability of inflation being either very high or very low at long horizons. To realize this promise requires making three adjustments to option … Read more

30.11.2021: Nikolai Roussanov – Getting to the core: inflation risks within and across asset classes

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Presenter: Nikolai Roussanov Affiliation: University of Pennsylvania, Wharton School Paper: Getting to the Core: Inflation Risks Within and Across Asset Classes (slides) Date: November 30, 2021 Time: 13:00 GMT Abstract: Decomposing inflation into core and non-core components (e.g., energy) sheds new light on the nature of inflation risk and risk premia. While stocks have insignificant … Read more

29.06.2021: Sydney Ludvigson – Belief distortions and macroeconomic fluctuations

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This paper combines a data rich environment with a machine learning algorithm to provide new estimates of time-varying systematic expectational errors (belief distortions) embedded in survey responses. We find that distortions are large on average even for professional forecasters, with all respondent-types over-weighting their own beliefs relative to other information. Forecasts of inflation and GDP growth oscillate between optimism and pessimism by large margins, with over-optimism associated with an increase in aggregate economic activity. Biases in expectations evolve dynamically in response to cyclical shocks. Biases about economic growth display greater initial under-reaction while those about inflation display greater delayed over-reaction.

26.04.2021: Jonathon Hazell – The slope of the Phillips curve: evidence from U.S. states

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We estimate the slope of the Phillips curve in the cross section of U.S. states using newly constructed state-level price indexes for non-tradeable goods back to 1978. Our estimates indicate that the Phillips curve is very flat and was very flat even during the early 1980s. We estimate only a modest decline in the slope of the Phillips curve since the 1980s. We use a multi-region model to infer the slope of the aggregate Phillips curve from our regional estimates. Applying our estimates to recent unemployment dynamics yields essentially no missing disinflation or missing reinflation over the past few business cycles. Our results imply that the sharp drop in core inflation in the early 1980s was mostly due to shifting expectations about long-run monetary policy as opposed to a steep Phillips curve, and the greater stability of inflation since the 1990s is mostly due to long-run inflationary expectations becoming more firmly anchored.

22.03.2021: François Geerolf – The Phillips curve: a relation between real exchange rate growth and unemployment

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The negative relationship between inflation and unemployment (also known as the Phillips curve) has been repeatedly challenged in the last decades: missing inflation in 2013-2019, missing deflation in 2007-2010, missing inflation in the late 1990s, stagflation in the 1970s, contrasting with always strong regional Phillips curves. Using data from multiple sources, this paper helps to solve many empirical puzzles by distinguishing between fixed and flexible exchange rate regimes: in fixed exchange rate regimes, inflation is negatively correlated with unemployment but this relationship does not hold in flexible regimes. By contrast, there is a negative correlation between real exchange rate appreciation and unemployment, which remains consistent in both fixed and flexible regimes. These crucial observations have important implications for identifying the source of business cycle fluctuations, for normative analysis, and imply a significant departure from rational-expectation-based solutions to Phillips curve puzzles.

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